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梵高 Van Gogh




南春天里的牧花园》Parsonage Garden at Nuenen in Spring

据外媒道,荷当地30日凌晨,画家梵高Vincent van Gogh作于1884年的景画作《南春天里的牧花园》在荷部的辛格·博物被盗。被盗,博物院因新冠疫情闭馆
In the early morning of March 30th,  The "Parsonage Garden at Nuenen in Spring", a painting by Vincent van Gogh was stolen from Singer Laren museum in Germany. The  museum is currently closed due to the coronavirus pandemic.
Tanggal 30 Maret lalu, lukisan karya Van Gogh yang dikenal dengan nama "Parsonage Garden at Nuenen in Spring" dicuri dari Museum Singer Laren di Jerman. Museum tersebut saat ini ditutup karena pandemik virus corona.


幅被盗的画作是借展而来,本来藏于格宁格博物,估500万英
The painting was originally kept in Groninger Museum and exhibited in Singer Laren museum for a period of time, the value of the painting is estimated at up to £5m.
Lukisan tersebut tadinya disimpan di Museum Groninger dan dipinjam untuk dipajangkan di Museum Singer Laren. Harga lukisan ini ditaksir mencapai 5 juta Euro.


据当地警方称,盗是在30日凌晨315分左右碎玻璃入博物盗窃的。警响起后,警察赶到现场,但盗窃者和画作都已消失不。目前当地警方已展开取附近像,并呼吁当地居民提供线索。
The thieves entered the museum by smashing the front glass door at around 3.15 a.m local time. The local police are currently examining security footage and investigating the crime.
Para pencuri masuk dengan cara membobol kaca pintu depan museum sekitar pukul 3.15 waktu setempat. Sampai saat ini pengecekan pada CCTV dan investigasi masih dilakukan.


画作被盗当天,正是梵高167年的念日。
Coincidentally, the theft was on Van Gogh's 167 years old birthday.
Pencurian ini bertepatan dengan ulang tahun Van Gogh yang ke 167.


在梵高37年的短人生中,他贫穷和精神疾病的折磨,而他的画作却充了怒放的生命力,震撼人心。
In his 37-year short life, he suffered from poverty and mental illness, but his paintings are powerful yet dramatic, highly emotional.
Dalam 37 tahun hidupnya yg terbilang singkat, Van Gogh menderita kemiskinan dan penyakit mental tetapi karyanya sangat kuat, dramatis dan emosional.

《向日葵》(Sunflowers, 1887

老牌英国科幻《神秘博士》Doctor Who中有一集,用最美好的话语赞美他:
On an episode of 'Doctor Who', there's a quite beautiful comment about Van Gogh:
Berikut opini tentang Van Gogh di salah satu cuplikan episode Doctor Who:


He transformed the pain of his tormented life into ecstatic beauty.
他一生受折磨,而他却把些苦化作画布上激情洋溢的美
Dia melukiskan penderitaan hidupnya kedalam keindahan karyanya.

Pain is easy to portray but to use your passion and pain to portray the ecstasy and joy and magnificence of our world, no one had ever done it before. Perhaps no one ever will again.
痛苦很容易刻画,但糅合情和痛苦,来展人世的激情、喜悦和壮,前无古人,也也后无来者。
Penderitaan itu mudah untuk dilukiskan, tapi rasanya belum ada yang mampu melukiskan kebahagiaan dan keindahan lewat penderitaan sepertinya dan mungkin tidak akan ada lagi yang bisa melakukannya.


1.  我是一个狂人
I am a fanatic 
Aku ini seorang fanatik

读过梵高信的人,大概都会有的印象:梵高是一个激情澎湃的人。
One who read his letters may think of him as a passionate man.
Kalau kamu pernah membaca surat-surat yang ditulis Van Gogh, mungkin akan berpikir kalau dia punya gairah hidup yang tinggi.

他自己曾
He used to say:
Dia pernah berkata:

我是一个狂人!我感到内心有一股力量……火焰,我不能将它熄,必须让它熊熊燃
“I am a fanatic! I feel a power within me...a fire that I may not quench, but must keep ablaze.”
Aku ini seorang fanatik! Ada dorongan dari dalam diriku, layaknya api yang tidak bisa kupadamkan dan harus kubiarkan membara"


13的文森特·梵高(Vincent Van Gogh
13 years old Van Gogh

他一生都葆有孩童才有的心无旁注力,上一事物就狂地沉溺其中。
Throughout his life, he retained undivided concentration of a child, fell in love with something, and indulged in it.
Semasa hidupnya, dia selalu pusatkan perhatian pada apa yang dia sukai, layaknya anak kecil.


...he did everything with the urgent, blinding single-mindedness of a child. He even read the newspaper “in a fury.”
他做任何事都着孩童般切的、令人炫目的注力。甚至连报纸都能得激情澎湃。
Apapun dia lakukan dengan tergesa dan tanpa acuh seperti anak kecil. Membaca koran pun dia lakukan dengan buru-buru.


他逛博物,被勃朗的画作《犹太新娘》The Jewish Bride迷住,整个人就像子一被定在原地,不肯离开。在弟弟提奥的信中,梵高
Once, he visited a museum and was fascinated by Rembrandt's painting "The Jewish Bride". He stood fixed in the same exact place as a nail and would not leave. In a letter to his brother Theo, Van Gogh said:
Pernah suatu waktu, dia berkunjung ke suatu museum dan 'tersihir' dengan lukisan Rembrant "The Jewish Bride". Dia berdiri mematung tidak bergerak seperti paku. Dalam surat pada adiknya Theo, dia menulis:


我会心甘情愿地用10年的生命来我在幅画前坐上两周,哪怕只靠干面包屑度日。
“I should be happy to give ten years of my life, if I could go on sitting here in front of this picture for a fortnight, with only a crust of dry bread for food.”
Aku bersedia dengan senang hati duduk didepan lukisan ini selama dua minggu penuh walaupun hanya makan roti kering.


勃朗《犹太新娘》(The Jewish Bride

他也曾全身心地投入宗教事。但却因、不受控制,而被教会开除
He once devoted himself to preach the gospel, only to be fired because he was too fanatical and uncontrollable.
Awalnya, Van Gogh ingin berkarir sebagai penceramah gospel tapi dia dianggap terlalu fanatik dan susah dikontrol.


1880年,27的梵高仍然一事无成,但他在一年于拿起画笔,找到了人生真情之火再度燃起。
In 1880, at 27 years old, he finally found his calling as an artist.
Pada tahun 1880, saat berumur 27 tahun, dia menemukan panggilan hidup baru sebagai pelukis.


2. 作我所感,感我所作
Paint What I Feel, and Feel What I Paint  
Lukis Apa yang Kurasa, Rasakan Apa yang Kulukis

梵高在弟弟提奥的助下走上了画家的道路。他把每个月大部分用来模特、画人像,只留一点点吃,常常忍饿、如痴如狂地练习画画。
Van Gogh's brother, Theo, provided him with money of which primarily used to hire a model for painting, the rest of the little money is for food. He's malnourished and overworked.
Van Gogh disokong oleh saudara lelakinya, Theo. Ia kadang memberikan uang yang sebagian besar digunakan Van Gogh untuk menyewa model, lalu sisanya yang tidak seberapa untuk membeli makanan. Tidak jarang Van Gogh kurang makan dan kelelahan karena terlalu banyak melukis.


他生病了也不休息,还给弟弟写信开玩笑
He would not rest even when he's sick, jokingly he said to his brother:
Van Gogh bahkan tidak mau istirahat walau sakit, kadang malah bergurau:

Art is jealous; she does not like taking second place to an illness. Hence I shall humour her.
术爱吃醋,她不喜排在病痛后面当老二。所以我要哄着她。
Seni itu pencemburu, dia tidak suka dinomor-duakan setelah penyakit. Makanya, aku harus menghiburnya.


《自画像》(Self Portrait, 1887

梵高从未接受训练,半路出家的他在摹大作品中慢慢找到自己的格,只是他粗格并不被人所接受。
Van Gogh never received any formal training for painting before. He then studied with Cormon and also slowly develop his personal style. However, the style was perceived as rough and therefore, was not very popular.
Van Gogh tidak pernah belajar melukis secara formal sebelumnya. Dia lalu belajar pada pelukis Cormon dan perlahan mulai menciptakan gaya lukisnya sendiri. Sayangnya, gayanya dianggap terlalu kasar dan tidak populer.


提奥是有的画商,曾多次哥哥他寄去名画家的作品,希望他从中学习细腻的手法,并画面多一些色彩。
As an experienced art dealer, Theo had repeatedly tried to persuade Van Gogh to change his painting style by sending him pieces from famous painters, hoping his brother would learn the style and lighten his palette.
Theo yang seorang penyalur karya seni, berulang kali mencoba membujuk Van Gogh untuk merubah gaya lukisnya. Dia mengirimkan contoh karya pelukis terkenal, berharap Van Gogh meniru gaya tersebut.



梵高的第一幅油画《吃土豆的人》(The Potato Eaters

梵高却认为应持自己的艺术独特性和作者的个性。他弟弟
Van Gogh, however, believed that he should stick to his personal style. He said to Theo:
Tapi Van Gogh bersikeras untuk mempertahankan gaya lukisnya:


“I want to paint what I feel, and feel what I paint.”
作我所感,感我所作。
Aku ingin melukis apa yang kurasakan, dan merasakan apa yang kulukis.

“Let us paint, and, with all our faults and qualities, be ourselves.”
画吧,着我所有的缺陷和特,画我自己想画的。

Biarkan aku melukis dengan segala keterbatasanku, biarkan aku jujur menjadi diriku sendiri.

《播种者》(Sower, 1888

后来,梵高确实发了色彩的美妙,并烈的表手法
But then, he discovered the beauty of colors and fell in love with their warm expression.
Tapi kemudian, dia menyadari bahwa warna itu indah dan jatuh cinta pada expresi warna yang hangat.


在无数封信里,他此不疲地弟弟述自己色彩的理解,陶醉地描述着自己看到的和笔下在画的色彩。
In his countless letters, he was happily talked about his understanding of colors, intoxicatedly described them on what he saw and what he painted.
Di surat-suratnya, dia menceritakan pemahamannya tentang warna dengan antusias, menggambarkan apa yang dia lihat dan lukis.


到的美景是的:
His description of a village panorama was:
Berikut adalah penggambarannya tentang panorama desa:


“The stretches of water make patches of a beautiful emerald and a rich blue... pale orange sunsets making the fields look blue – glorious yellow suns.”
流水形成一块块翡翠绿或宝石的色……泛白的橘色夕阳,土地看起来像色的,太阳是无与比的金黄色。
Percikan air menyambung warna emerald dan biru, lalu matahari terbenam yang berwarna oranye pucat membuat ladang terlihat biru, matahari kuning yang indah.

而海的夜空是这样的:
Of sea and night sky:
Tentang laut dan langit malam:

Against the blue background stars twinkled, bright, greenish, white, light pink — brighter, more glittering, more like precious stones than at home — even in Paris. So it seems fair to talk about opals, emeralds, lapis, rubies, sapphires.
在深邃的色中群星闪烁,明亮的、淡绿色的、白色的、粉色的,比家甚至巴黎的星星更明亮,更像宝石。它犹如一颗颗蛋白石、绿宝石、天青石、宝石和宝石。
Di balik kelip bintang yang gemerlap berwarna hijau, putih, merah muda terang - lebih terang, lebih gemerlap, layaknya batu berlian daripada rumah-rumah- bahkan di Paris. Jadi rasanya tidak aneh kalau aku bandingkan dengan opal, emerald, rubi, safir.

罗纳河上的星夜》(Starry night over the Rhone, 1888

他沉醉在的世界里,激情仿佛永不会枯竭,短短几年作了800多幅油画。
He was so immersed in the world or art, his passion seemed to never dry up and in just several years, he created around 800 paintings.
Dia seolah tenggelam dalam dunia lukisnya. Gairahnya tidak pernah surut dan hanya dalam waktu beberapa tahun saja, dia menghasilkan 800 lukisan.


《四剪下的向日葵》(Four Cut Sunflowers, 1887

但他最出了一幅画,而且是弟弟托关系才出去的。
But in the end, he sold only one painting, thanks to his brother's help.
Tapi hanya satu lukisan saja yang berhasil terjual, itu pun dibantu oleh Theo.

3.孤独的一生
Lonely Life 
Hidup yang Sepi

梵高古怪偏又自大的性格使他一生都在孤独中度
Van Gogh's eccentric, paranoid, and arrogant personality made him spend his life in solitude.
Karakternya yang eksentrik, paranoid dan arogan membuat Van Gogh banyak menghabiskan hidupnya sendiri.

可以,他的人生相当不堪和落魄,一子无法自立,靠弟弟养活,遭受着贫穷、病痛的折磨。
It can be said that his life was quite desolate, wasn't able to support himself, had to rely on his brother, and suffered from poverty and illness.
Bisa dibilang hidupnya sengsara, tidak bisa berdiri sendiri, dan hanya bisa bergantung pada saudaranya, belum lagi derita kemiskinan dan penyakit.



但他也渴望成功,渴望被人赏识理解:
But he was eager to succeed, to be appreciated and understood:
Diapun sebenarnya ingin menjadi sukses, dihargai dan dimengerti:

“I have hopes that these thorns will bear white flowers in their time, and that this apparently sterile struggle is nothing other than a labor of giving birth. First pain, then joy afterwards.”
我希望候一到,棘都能开出白色的花。我在看似无果的扎,其只是一分娩之痛,一的痛苦将成就久的快
Aku berharap bahwa duri ini akan berbunga pada waktunya,  dan penderitaan ini hanyalah proses didalamnya. Penderitaan yang berbuah kebahagian.

《杏花》(Almond Blossoms, 1890

但他在有生之年并没有等来雨后的彩虹。
But he did not wait for the rainbow after the storm in his lifetime.
Tapi dia tidak pernah hanya duduk diam dan menunggu.


相反,他的精神越来越不定。和画家高更的短两个个性烈的家陷入无休止的争吵。
On the contrary, his sanity had become more and more unstable. His short-lived relationship with his painter partner, Gauguin, only allowed the two artists with strong personality to fall into endless quarrels.
Disaat yang bersamaan, kewarasannya perlahan semakin tidak stabil. Rekan pelukis yang bekerja bersamanya, Gauguin, hanya bertahan sebentar dan itupun berakhir dalam pertengkaran.


而高更的弃他而去更他精神崩狂中他割下了自己的耳
Gauguin's abandonment made him mentally broken, they went on a frenzied fight and accidentally ended up cutting off  Van Gogh's earlobe.
Kepergian rekannya membuat Van Gogh makin goyah, mengakibatkan kecelakaan dimana ia kehilangan satu daun telinganya.

《自画像》(Self Portrait, 1889

此后,在癫痫症、躁郁症的交替折磨下,他的精神开始消沉.
At last, under the torture of epilepsy and bipolar disorder, his sanity began to sink.
Pada akhirnya, dalam penderitaannya menghadapi epilepsi dan bipolar disorder, kewarasannya semakin redup.


1889年的一封信里,他
On a letter in 1889, he said:
Dalam suratnya tahun 1889, dia menulis:


I’m thinking of squarely accepting my profession as a madman.
我想着,就干脆接受我作为疯子的吧。
Kupikir ini saatnya aku menerima kalau aku ini orang gila.


他越来越多地孤独
He mentioned the word 'loneliness' even more often:
Dia semakin sering menyebut kata 'kesepian'.


Since my illness, the feelings of loneliness takes hold of me in the fields in such a fearsome way that I hesitate to go out.
自从生病以来,我在田间经常会被一股孤独感住。孤独感太令人恐惧,我甚至犹豫不敢出
Sejak aku sakit, rasa kesepian ini secara menakutkan mengurungku hingga aku takut pergi keluar.


他开始承自己失的人生……
He started to admit that he's a failure:
Dia mulai mengakui bahwa ia hanyalah sebuah kegagalan semata:


"I feel...a failure. I feel that this is the destiny that I accept, that will never change."
……自己是个笔。我就是我的命运,永不会改
Yang kurasakan..hanya kegagalan. Ini waktunya aku terima kalau aku tidak bisa merubah nasibku.


4. 造就惊世之美
Suffering Creates Beauty 
Penderitaan yang Berbuah Keindahan


令世人惊的是,正是在被精神疾病重折磨的最后三年里,梵高作出了一生中最大的作品。
To many people's surprise, it was in the last three years of worst torture from mental illness when Van Gogh created his masterpieces.
Yang mungkin paling mengejutkan adalah, di tiga tahun terakhir ketidakwarasannya, Van Gogh malah menciptakan karya-karyanya yang paling agung.


像是浴火重生一般,他用烈、厚重的色彩和世惊俗的笔触,把内心的精神成画布上的一革命。
He used heavy colors and shocking brushstrokes to transform his insanity into canvas, this was akin to his rebirth.
Dia memilih warna-warna berat, gaya goresan yang tidak biasa. Ia mampu menyalurkan kewarasannya kedalam kanvas, seperti terlahir kembali.


一生的未竟之志、不出去的画作、各种羁绊双手的全都抛诸脑后,这时他的作品得更加粹。
Every unfinished aspiration, unsold paintings, influences of 'ism' all bind into his work, his paintings became purer.
Semua harapan yang tidak tercapai, lukisan yang tidak terjual, semua pengaruh gaya lukis yang ia pelajari mempengaruhi tiap sapuan kuasnya, membuat karyanya sangat murni.

他曾
He said:
Dia berkata:

“The uglier, older, meaner, iller, poorer I get, the more I wish to take my revenge by doing brilliant colour, well arranged, resplendent.”
我越是老丑、卑劣、病弱、贫穷,越是要用绚烂的色彩来复一切,我将那些色彩精心画出来,烂夺目。
Semakin aku buruk rupa, tua, jahat, sakit dan miskin, semakin aku ingin balas dendam melalui warna-warna cerah yang tergores rapi.

《星月夜》(Starry Night, 1889

然内心孤独到极点,梵高的画却人温暖、明亮的感
It was at the peak of his loneliness that Van Gogh's paintings gave people a warm and bright feeling.
Dalam puncak kesepiannyalah Van Gogh berhasil memberikan rasa hangat dalam warna lukisannya.


和他信奉的的力量有关。他认为具有一种治愈的力量:黑暗来光明(bring light into darkness
This might be related to his belief: art does heal, as in (bring light into darkness).
Ini mungkin ini berhubungan dengan kepercayaannya bahwa seni bisa menyembuhkan, seperti membawa cahaya kedalam kegelapan.

He said:
Dia berkata:

“For this is what great art does, cheer you and feed your inner life.”
为这就是的使命,照亮你的人生,成你内心的精神食粮。
Inilah yang seni agung bisa lakukan, menghibur dan mengisi batinmu.


梵高最后的画作之一,《麦田乌鸦》(Wheat Field With Crows, 1890

久以来,人认为梵高是自的。
It is widely known that he ended his life with suicide.
Telah diketahui secara luas bahwa Van Gogh mengakhiri hidupnya dengan bunuh diri.


但在2011年出版的《梵高》里,作者史蒂文·奈菲和格雷戈里·怀·史密斯在做了大量的研究后,出了另一个故事。
But there's another story unveiled by Steven Nefer and Gregory White Smith on their book "Van Gogh".
Tapi, ternyata ada cerita lain yang muncul di tahun 2011, penulisnya adalah Steven Nefer dan Gregory White Smith dalam buku mereka "Van Gogh".


推理出,梵高是被当地常欺侮他的劣青年开枪误伤的。
After some research, they reasoned that Van Gogh was accidentally wounded by a local young bully.
Menurut penelitianyang dilakukan keduanya, Van Gogh secara tidak sengaja dilukai oleh pemuda lokal yang sering mengerjainya.


他腹部中后踉踉跄跄回到旅,警察来了,他却善良地选择了袒凶手:
Wounded, he then returned to his hostel where the police found him. Unexpectedly, he had chosen to protect the bully.
Dalam keadaan luka parah, Van Gogh kembali ke hostelnya. Saat polisi datang, dia malah melindungi si pelaku.

“Do not accuse anyone. It is I who wanted to kill myself.”
不要指控任何人,想我的人是我自己。
Jangan salahkan orang lain, aku sendiri yang ingin membunuh diriku.

所以,梵高也并不是我理想中那个浪漫的、殉道的悲情英雄,但他作一个真的人的形象却更加震撼人心。
The new finding might leave Van Gogh's story as less romantic, as it wasn't art that killed him. On the other hand, it showed just how real his story was.
Alternatif cerita ini mungkin mengurangi keromantisan kisah hidup Van Gogh karena bukanlah seni yang membuat ia mengakhiri hidup. Walau begitu jalan cerita baru ini membuat kita tersadar betapa nyata-nya hidup Van Gogh.

无反了自己孤独的一生,后世留下至至美的画作。
He turned his back on his solitary life, leaving pure and beautiful paintings for future generations.
Dia mengakhiri hidupnya yang sepi dan meninggalkan karyanya untuk kita.


编辑:左卓
参考:《梵高传》《梵高手稿》
Translation CH-ENG-ID and edit: Yuri Yeuyanan

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   by: Yuri Yeuyanan     The key concept of constructivist learning practices is students’ own experiences. It emphasizes how students learn through their personal experiences and how learning occurs when they construct new understandings by building upon their prior knowledge (TeAchnology, n.d.).  Konsep utama dalam praktik pembelajaran konstruktivis adalah pengalaman pribadi murid itu sendiri. Pendekatan ini menekankan bagaimana murid belajar dengan cara    membangun pemahaman baru dengan menambah atau mengembangkan  pengetahuan yang telah mereka miliki sebelumnya (TeAchnology, n.d.).       One of teaching techniques I have found helpful is scaffolding. For instance, when teaching the life cycle of a butterfly, I first review vocabulary that my students have previously learned—such as "caterpillar" and "butterfly"—so they become familiar with the topic and can even predict what the new lesson will be about.  Salah s...

Gustave Courbet

Gustave Courbet, Self-Portrait, 1844/45   The second half of the nineteenth century was a pivotal moment for Europe, a turbulent period of revolutionary uprisings and significant political tension. This moment also encouraged a new artistic movement to rise against the traditional, conservative, and academic classicism.   La seconda metà del diciannovesimo secolo fu un momento cruciale per l'Europa, un periodo turbolento di rivolte rivoluzionarie e grandi tensioni politiche. Questo momento incoraggiò anche un nuovo movimento artistico a ribellarsi contro il classicismo tradizionale, conservatore e accademico.    The Realist movement emerged around the 1850s and prevailed until the 1870s–1880s, offering a faithful and objective portrayal of everyday life, rejecting the glorified depiction of idealized characters and rigid traditional rules of the Romantic period.  Il movimento Realista emerse intorno agli anni 1850 e prevalse fino agli anni 1870-1880, offrendo un...

Hans Holbein | 汉斯·霍尔拜因

A copy of a mural that was lost in a palace fire,  Una copia di un murale che è andato perduto in un incendio di palazzo, 一幅在宫殿大火中失落的壁画的复制, If you share my ‘obsession’ with the Tudors, then you might be familiar with the image of King Henry VIII above, all grandeur and majestic. Yes, he was the King who broke away from the Vatican so that he could annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragon and wed Anne Boleyn due to the failure of producing a male heir to the throne.  Se condividete la mia "ossessione" per i Tudor, allora potreste essere familiari con l'immagine del re Enrico VIII qui sopra, imponente e maestoso. Sì, era il re che si separò dal Vaticano per annullare il suo matrimonio con Caterina d'Aragona e sposare Anna Bolena a causa dell'incapacità di produrre un erede maschio al trono.              如果你和我一样 “ 痴迷 ” 于都铎王朝,那么你可能会熟悉上面亨利八世国王的形象,庄严而威严。是的,他就是那位从梵蒂冈分裂出去的国王,以便废除与亚拉冈的凯瑟琳的婚姻,并与安妮 · 博林结婚,因为没有生育男性继承人。 It was th...